Plot: Maggie decides to act more grown-up and throws away her beloved stuffed toy, Mossy Bear, believing it’s time to give up childish things, but soon regrets it and then later realizes it’s okay to still have it.
Story told by Eco:
Tristan was an ugly little troll who couldn’t wait to grow up and scare people. One day, when his dad was setting off to sit under his bridge, Tristan insisted that he’d be allowed to go.
“I don’t want to be a little troll!” he squeaked. “I’m big now and ugly and scary!”
And he made a face that was indeed very scary.
“Someday you will be a big troll,” his dad said. “And you have the fond of scaring everyone but until then, enjoy being little, pull the tails of your little friends for a while.”
But Tristan snorted and snarled so his father said,
“Take my place under the bridge.”
Tristan couldn’t believe his luck. He raced to the bridge and waited to scare someone. He waited, but no one crossed the bridge. All day long, he sat there. The water was cold and his back hurt from crouching so long. Poor Tristan; where was the fun in this? Then, his dad appeared.
“Dad, I’m going to let you have your bridge back,” Tristan said. “I know how much you like it.”
“Thank you for caring about me,” said his dad. “You really are starting to think like a big troll.”
With that, they rubbed horns and walked home.
Note: Voice change for Hegdish from Dan Redican to Fred Stinson, who also voices Slinger.
The statement: “An object, in free-fall, accelerates at a velocity of 32ft/sec2” (thirty-two feet per, second, per, second, or, 32 ft per second, squared), is one of the most confusing ideas in physics for the lay-person – myself included (oh, how many times this little bugger has stung me!)
This, seems to be, mainly, because people confuse acceleration with speed, and, speed, with velocity, and because they’re not taking atmospheric drag into account…oh, and one more thing; they do what I do – they over-think it! The idea here, applies to objects in free fall in a vacuum**, i.e., the vacuum of space. This, actually, intrinsically simple problem, has gotten the best of me more times than I care to admit. (And, this might be one of those times!)
Nevertheless – it will help to remember, that: Velocity, is the rate at which an object changes its position in space. It is a vector quantity (it has two components: speed and direction). Here, we will be concerned only with speed. Well then, here goes…
We can determine the distance that an accelerating object – say, a brick, dropped from a bridge – has fallen, after a time given in seconds. But, due to the acceleration of gravity, which accelerates at a rate of 32.2ft per second, per second (known as the acceleration due to gravity, or, 32.2ft/sec2) – this is a continuously accelerating brick; it is constantly gaining speed, at that rate, with the passage of time. It is important to note, here, that the speeds mentioned are instantaneous, and not average speeds.
So, we have a falling brick that is speeding up as it goes along under our prescribed conditions, and so, after two seconds, it has fallen 64.4ft; after 3 seconds, it has fallen 80.5ft., after 4 seconds, 112.7ft., and so on. All objects, regardless of mass, fall at this same rate (in a vacuum) as demonstrated in Galileo Galilei’s famous experiment where he dropped two iron balls of different weights (atmospheric drag is negligible here because of the ball’s small size – and, because the difference would hardly be noticeable, anyway).
Galileo’s demonstration was done, purportedly, from the top of the 186-ft, now, leaning tower, in the city of Pisa, Italy, in about the year 1590. Whether he actually performed the experiment is moot (however, it is noted by Williams’s, “A History of Science”, to have taken place); it has been tested – and re-tested – and re-tested – and re-tested – ever since.
So, you can determine an object’s speed, in miles per hour, for the end, of any, given interval, in seconds, during its fall, at: 32.2 feet per second, per second. Just multiply 32.2 times the number of seconds you want to calculate for, say, “4” seconds: 32.2 x 4 seconds = 128.8 feet per second. Next, multiply that figure (128.8) by 3,600 seconds, and you’ll get 463,680 ft. per hour.. Divide, that, by 5,280 ft. (number of feet in a mile), and you’ll get, In this case, 87.1 MPH.
I think….I hope. (Whew!…sometimes I wish, Galileo, had kept his BALLS home, that day!) (** Space is a near-perfect vacuum; the average cubic-inch of space contains only around 10 hydrogen atoms and a stray photon or two).
I’ll include here some screenshots from AI for your perusal…..
Plot: The season’s first snow arrives early and traps Eco and Hegdish alone together. Can these two enemies learn to get along long enough to work together? Meanwhile, Mud/Slinger, who usually hibernates in the winter, prepare for their long sleep.
Story told by Eco:
Once there was a feisty young fox and a stubborn old rabbit who were always fighting. They argued about whose patch of grass was this and whose bit of food was that; it never stopped. Then one day, the two were so busy chasing each other, they didn’t notice they were getting closer to the edge of a deep, dark hole. Suddenly, right in the middle of their fight, they fell in. The fox dusted himself off, looked up and announced,
“No problem. I can get out using my nice sharp teeth.”
And he started to bite and bite at the dirt. He bit until he wore himself out and he had nothing to show for it but a mouthful of mud. The rabbit laughed and said,
“Ha ha. I can get out using my strong powerful legs.”
And she started to bounce and bounce until she bounced herself to exhaustion, but she was nowhere near the top of the hole. Finally, the old rabbit realized the only way they would ever get out would be by working together.
“I could easily get out by standing on your shoulders,” she told the fox. “Then go fetch a tree branch that you could climb.”
The fox thought for a moment and then agreed to let her hop onto his shoulders. The rabbit got out, hurried back with a branch and helped the fox out of the hole. When they were free, they were able to laugh at how silly they had looked eating dirt and wildly bouncing instead of working together as a team.
Songs: Snow, Snow, Snow & If I Talked to Plants & Animals
Il 18 agosto del 1601, allo scienziato, mentre si trovava presso lo Studio di Padova per insegnare matematica, gli nacque una seconda figlia dalla convivente veneziana Marina Gamba. La piccola venne denunciata come la sorella maggiore “nata da atto di fornificazione”. La piccola venne battezzata nella chiesa di San Lorenzo in Padova, con il nome di Livia. Anche a lei, come aveva fatto con la primogenita Virginia preparò l’oroscopo. Livia come la sorella entrò nel convento di San Matteo in Arcetri Firenze. Nel 1617 al compimento del sedicesimo anno di età, prese i voti come monaca di clausura con il nome di suor Arcangela. Non ci sono lettere indirizzate al padre, tenuto agli arresti domiciliari senza vedere alcuno. Di lei si trovano notizie nella fitta corrispondenza fra la sorella Virginia e il padre.
A differenza della sorella, non ha mai accettato la vita monastica, per questo porta rancore al padre che la rinchiusa nel convento. Si ammala spesso e ha frequenti indisposizioni, rifiuto della rigida etichetta conventuale e il non assumere responsabilità verso i compiti che le venivano assegnati. Tutto questo veniva raccontato da Virginia nella corrispondenza con il padre. Solo così Galileo poteva avere notizie di Livia. Questo rifiuto e la non accettazione di quella vita di segretazione, contribuirono a scavare una incolmabile distanza. Questo distacco si protrasse fino alla morte dello scienziato. Livia ha il carattere di sua madre, come lei è irruenta e dura, non perdonando al padre di averla fatta entrare in un convento di clausura, e questo era dovuto al fatto, che il padre aveva preso questa decisione essendosi molto indebitato per dare alle sorelle una dote matrimoniale e aiutare il fratello nel mantenimento della numerosa famiglia e in difficoltà con il suo lavoro di musico. Malgrado le frequenti malattie e la dura vita conventuale, Livia, ebbe una lunga vita. Si spense nel monastero di Arcetri alla età di 58 anni.
Galileo Galilei, nacque a Pisa, in una famiglia fiorentina di modeste possibilità economiche. I genitori furono Vincenzio Galilei musico e Giulia Ammannati. Dopo di lui seguirono altri fratelli; Virginia, Michelangelo e Livia, oltre ad altri bambini morti prematuramente; Benedetto, Anna e forse un’altra sorella Lena. Dopo la morte del padre cadde su di lui la responsabilità del mantenimento della famiglia di origine. Per il matrimonio della sorella Virginia, dovette provvedere alla dote contraendo molti debiti. In seguito per la dote per il matrimonio della sorella Livia con Taddeo Galletti, altri ne dovette contrarre. Contrasse altri debiti per il fratello Michelangelo; liutista, aiutandolo nel mantenimento della sua numerosa famiglia. Il quale in quel momento aveva molte difficoltà nel suo lavoro di musico in Polonia. Per migliorare le entrate economiche della famiglia, nel 1592 dietro suggerimento di Francesco Maria Bourbon del Monte Santa Maria Cardinale, si recò a Padova, per farsi assegnare la cattedra di Matematica di quella università.
Durante la sua permanenza in quella città per l’insegnamento, ebbe una relazione con una donna veneziana, Marina Gamba, dalla quale ebbe tre figli; due femmine Virginia il 13 agosto 1600, Livia il 18 agosto 1601 e Vincenzio il 21 agosto 1606. Alla nascita dei figli fece loro l’oroscopo. In quello di Virginia la prima figlia si trovano scritte queste parole in latino: “laborum et molestarum patientem, solitariam, taciturnam, parcam, propri comodi studiosam, zelopitam”. Tradotto in italiano; una tollerante, una solitaria, una taciturna, una parca, dei propri comodi, una gelosa. Venne portata a Firenze e affidata alla nonna Giulia Ammannati. Non è chiaro il motivo per il quale le due sorelle entrarono in convento, grazie all’interessamento del Cardinale Francesco Maria del Monte. Al compimento del sedicesimo anno di età, prese i voti nel monastero delle Clarisse di San Matteo in Arcetri vicino Firenze, come monaca di clausura, mentre Vincenzio, rimaneva a Padova con la madre. Quando Galileo andò a processo per eresia, venne condannato ad abitare nel palazzo senese dell’Arcivescovo Ascanio Piccolomini, con il divieto di non incontrare nessuno. E ottenne di far dire i salmi penitenziali, che giornalmente doveva recitare, alla amatissima figlia Virginia monaca di clausura. Ma durante la sua permanenza nel palazzo arcivescovile, poté ricevere e parlare con i personaggi più in vista di Siena, con il beneplacito del Piccolomini.
I am happy to see that folks appear to be enjoying the astronomy video series I’ve been working on with the Hoog team
View count just broke one million on the three videos I researched and co-wrote on 🎉
I enjoyed researching for them and there is plenty still in the works 🛰️
As they say: “ad astra per aspera” or “to the stars through difficulties” (which in this case refers to editing and misspelling Galileo for the twelfth time)
Plot: Galileo tries to hatch an abandoned egg without realizing the responsibility necessary to care for a baby. Will he give up and quit or will he persevere and stick with it?
Story told by Eco:
Once, there was a young polar bear cub named Rotto who befriended a young seal pup named Sassa during an especially cold winter when the snow never stops snowing and all the food lay under an icy white blanket. Rotto and Sassa both liked to eat fish, but all of the fish were under the frozen sea and the two youngsters didn’t know how to get through the ice. Then they found a tiny hole in the ice that opened up the sea and the possibility of fish to them. Sassa the seal pup thought she might be able to fit through the hole and swim under the ice to catch a fish, but she was afraid the snow would cover the hole and she’d be trapped. Rotto the polar bear said she would stay by the hole and keep it open no matter how long Sassa was gone, then they would share the fish. So Sassa jumped into the frozen sea and disappeared. Rotto sat and scooped up the snow as it fell with her big paws. All through the day and into the cold night, she sat by the hole scooping the snow. Even though she was tired and wanted to sleep, she stayed until the next morning and just when Rotto was wondering if she’d be able to stick with it, she heard a splash and Sassa’s head popped up through the hole.
“Breakfast time!,” Sassed laughed, and threw two fishes onto the ice.
“Thank you for the fish,” said Rotto.
“Thank you for waiting here,” said Sassa, “just like you promised.”
Surviving Jupiter in the 1990s: the life, death, and subsequent evaporation of Galileo’s probe
The new video I researched and co-wrote with the Hoog team is up. It is all about the Herculean effort it took to construction a probe that was always meant to die. A probe that was launched into Jupiter’s crushing depths and its race to send back as much data as possible before breaking apart—each part evaporating in turn
My favorite part of research is finding nuggets or stories I haven’t seen in wider circulation, so there are some surprises in there I bet most people haven’t heard before
So I learned from Jeopardy that it took until 1992 for the Catholic Church to admit that Galileo was right about the Earth revolving around the sun. That’s five years before I was born. That’s just sad.
The president wants to control the country’s future by bulldozing its past: “Trump’s War on History” @dfriedman.bsky.social @noturtlesoup17.bsky.social @motherjones.com
Küresel Konumlama Sistemlerinin Güvenli Ulaşımda Rolü
GNSS Nedir? (Kısa Tanım)
GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System – Küresel Navigasyon Uydu Sistemi); dünya genelinde konum, hız ve zaman bilgisini uydu sinyalleri aracılığıyla sağlayan sistemlerin genel adıdır.GPS (ABD), GLONASS (Rusya), Galileo (AB) ve BeiDou (Çin) bu sistemlerin başlıcalarıdır.
GPS vs GLONASS vs Galileo: Telefon GPS’i Ne Kadar Doğru, Araç Takibi ve GPS Kapalıyken Konum Nasıl Bulunur?
Konum teknolojileri artık sadece navigasyon için değil; güvenlik, lojistik, akıllı şehirler ve kişisel takip sistemlerinin de temelini oluşturuyor. Ancak çoğu kullanıcı GPS’i tek bir sistem sanırken, gerçekte birden fazla küresel uydu konumlandırma sistemi birlikte çalışır.
Bu makalede tüm tabloyu tek parça ve net şekilde ele alıyoruz.
🔭 On January 28, 1613, Galileo Galilei, peering through one of his early telescopes, sketched a faint point of light near Jupiter.
He recorded it simply as a “star,” unaware that he had just made the first known observation of Neptune—more than two centuries before the planet would be formally identified.
At the time, Galileo was carefully tracking Jupiter and its moons over successive nights. In the process, he repeatedly encountered Neptune, whose immense distance causes it to drift only slowly against the background stars.
To Galileo, its motion was too subtle to betray its true nature, and he cataloged it as a fixed star. Yet his surviving notes reveal something remarkable: over several nights, he recorded a slight shift in its position, evidence that he had noticed its movement, even if he did not interpret it correctly.
Neptune would not be officially discovered until 1846, when astronomers, guided by mathematical predictions, pinpointed its location in the sky. Only much later did historians realize that Galileo had seen the planet long before—had even tracked its motion—without recognizing it as a new world.
Plot: Mud and Slinger have been arguing so much lately that they decide that being a twosome is gruesome and asks Eco to split them up for good. Will Mud/Slinger split up for good or will they make up and stay together?
Story told by Eco:
Long ago, during our Grandcestors’ time, there was a creature named Slide. Slide’s problem was no matter how much he ate, he always felt hungry and because Slide was so good at finding food, he became very large. But it wasn’t food that Slide was really needing; he was lonely. One day, Slide heard a beautiful sad sound and discovered another Groundling singing a heart-filled tune. Slide was amazed. The song made him feel good inside and miraculously, he wasn’t hungry anymore. The creature he heard was Mash who filled his lonely days singing, but he wasn’t very good at finding food and so he became smaller and weaker. Well, Slide and Mash became the closest of friends. Mash’s song filled Slide’s heart and Slide’s food filled Mash’s stomach. They were both happier than they had ever been before. They knew they never wanted to be apart and so they ran to the Tree Elders for advice. The Elders told them about a magic potion, the Elixir of Two Hearts, so they drank the elixir and became one. One being that could feed itself with food and with song. A new Grounding that would never be lonely again. For the truth was each of them only had half a heart and now those two hearts were beating as one.
The Hardest NASA Mission in History, a primer on NASA’s Galileo Mission to Jupiter and its Moons 🛰️
The new video I researched and co-wrote with the Hoog team is up. It covers the history, construction, launch, and cornucopia of problems that the Galileo mission encountered. It’s a fun time
Research was a fairly intense process and while I pull from a lot sources, a fair bit was based on Mission to Jupiter by Michael Meltzer. It is THE book about Galileo and I can’t recommend it enough. For this project I read through this book and dissected it about four times
Galileo will always have a special place in my heart. It’s a very long, very good story. Galileo is really the little satellite that could even though it was plagued by problems
